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MCU驱动TF-card具体实现

作者：由你创发布时间： 2024-12-25 阅读量：52

嵌入式开发中, 经常会有主控板识别TF卡+读取数据+写入数据的需求, 下面尽量用简介的描述详细说明一下, 相关驱动的实现细节,

实现TF-card的驱动需要配置的东西比较多, 基本流程就是:

①配置芯片的相关引脚 ②引用FatFS文件系统的三方库 ③根据具体需求配置相关引脚的参数 ④在main函数中调用相关功能的初始化函数初始化对应的硬件⑤实际跑通并测试相关功能(识别+读取+写入)⑥实际应用TF-card驱动功能

①配置相关引脚

这一步相对简单, 如图所示配置数据线SDIO_D0~SDIO_D3,时钟线SDIO_CLK以及SDIO_CMD

这里我们配置了四位的数据通讯(除非是引脚不够, 或者数据较少, 才会用一位的)

②引用FatFS文件系统的三方库

这个是必要的文件系统配置, 想要和 TF-card交互数据, 卡必须有文件系统, 通常情况下使用FatFS

配置较多, 扇区大小, 编码方式等, 相关配置如图所示

③+④基本参数配置好之看一下初始化代码, SDIO的相关参数配置需要在使用前初始化, 代码比较清晰, 不多加赘述

void HAL_SD_MspInit(SD_HandleTypeDef* sdHandle)
{

  GPIO_InitTypeDef GPIO_InitStruct = {0};
  if(sdHandle->Instance==SDIO)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SDIO_MspInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END SDIO_MspInit 0 */
    /* SDIO clock enable */
    __HAL_RCC_SDIO_CLK_ENABLE();
  
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOC_CLK_ENABLE();
    __HAL_RCC_GPIOD_CLK_ENABLE();
    /**SDIO GPIO Configuration    
    PC8     ------> SDIO_D0
    PC9     ------> SDIO_D1
    PC10     ------> SDIO_D2
    PC11     ------> SDIO_D3
    PC12     ------> SDIO_CK
    PD2     ------> SDIO_CMD 
    */
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_8|GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10|GPIO_PIN_11 
                          |GPIO_PIN_12;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF12_SDIO;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOC, &GPIO_InitStruct);

    GPIO_InitStruct.Pin = GPIO_PIN_2;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Mode = GPIO_MODE_AF_PP;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Pull = GPIO_NOPULL;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Speed = GPIO_SPEED_FREQ_VERY_HIGH;
    GPIO_InitStruct.Alternate = GPIO_AF12_SDIO;
    HAL_GPIO_Init(GPIOD, &GPIO_InitStruct);

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SDIO_MspInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END SDIO_MspInit 1 */
  }
}

void HAL_SD_MspDeInit(SD_HandleTypeDef* sdHandle)
{

  if(sdHandle->Instance==SDIO)
  {
  /* USER CODE BEGIN SDIO_MspDeInit 0 */

  /* USER CODE END SDIO_MspDeInit 0 */
    /* Peripheral clock disable */
    __HAL_RCC_SDIO_CLK_DISABLE();
  
    /**SDIO GPIO Configuration    
    PC8     ------> SDIO_D0
    PC9     ------> SDIO_D1
    PC10     ------> SDIO_D2
    PC11     ------> SDIO_D3
    PC12     ------> SDIO_CK
    PD2     ------> SDIO_CMD 
    */
    HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOC, GPIO_PIN_8|GPIO_PIN_9|GPIO_PIN_10|GPIO_PIN_11 
                          |GPIO_PIN_12);

    HAL_GPIO_DeInit(GPIOD, GPIO_PIN_2);

  /* USER CODE BEGIN SDIO_MspDeInit 1 */

  /* USER CODE END SDIO_MspDeInit 1 */
  }
}

⑤这里基本就配置完了, 验证一下功能, (验证功能仅适用一位数据的交互方式)基本逻辑就是通过串口打印一下函数执行的结果

void SD_Test(void)
{
  FRESULT res; /* FatFs function common result code */
  uint32_t byteswritten, bytesread; /* File write/read counts */
  uint8_t wtext[] = "This is STM32 working with FatFs.\n"; /* File write buffer */
  uint8_t rtext[100]; /* File read buffer */

  /* Register the file system object to the FatFs module */
  if (f_mount(&SDFatFS, (TCHAR const*)PATH, 0) != FR_OK)
  {
    printf("Failed to mount SD card\r\n");
    return;
  }

  /* Create/open a file, name is specified by Path with FileName */
  res = f_open(&SDFile, "STM32.TXT", FA_CREATE_ALWAYS | FA_WRITE);
  if (res != FR_OK)
  {
    printf("Failed to open/create file (error code: %d)\r\n", res);
    return;
  }

  /* Write data to the file */
  res = f_write(&SDFile, wtext, sizeof(wtext), (void *)&byteswritten);
  if ((byteswritten < sizeof(wtext)) || (res != FR_OK))
  {
    printf("Failed to write file (error code: %d)\r\n", res);
    return;
  }

  /* Close the file */
  res = f_close(&SDFile);
  if (res != FR_OK)
  {
    printf("Failed to close file (error code: %d)\r\n", res);
    return;
  }

  printf("File written successfully: %s\r\n", wtext);

  /* Open the file, name is specified by Path with FileName */
  res = f_open(&SDFile, "STM32.TXT", FA_READ);
  if (res != FR_OK)
  {
    printf("Failed to open file (error code: %d)\r\n", res);
    return;
  }

  /* Read string from the file */
  res = f_read(&SDFile, rtext, sizeof(rtext), (void *)&bytesread);
  if ((bytesread == 0) || (res != FR_OK))
  {
    printf("Failed to read file (error code: %d)\r\n", res);
    return;
  }

  /* Close the file */
  res = f_close(&SDFile);
  if (res != FR_OK)
  {
    printf("Failed to close file (error code: %d)\r\n", res);
    return;
  }

  printf("Read from file: %s\r\n", rtext);
}